Final Documentary

Weekly Production Logs:

17.06.2016:
Today, I organised paperwork which was required of me in order for me to complete the work which was required for my Documentary to take place as well as got my camera which would enable me to start filming scenes in my documentary as I was unable to do so before due to the fact that I didn't have a camera which was allocated to me. In terms of interviews, things are moving a bit slow in the sense that I haven't recieved much replies from those who I emailed concerning the documentary which therefore meant that I have to continue to persist and await replies whilst also looking for others who may be interested which is really stressful.

I have also began to create a plan or a structure for my Documentary so that when it comes to actually filming, I am aware of what each scene entails and what specifically I need to film rather than having something which  I do not understand and then struggle to film when it comes to that stage so I have decided to create a plan to enable me to map out my thoughts.


19.06.2016:
Today, I spent my Sunday evening gathering my two friends Jaqueline and Presly at my house where we were able to get some filming done for both of our documentaries which was very exciting and insightful as it was the first time which i filmed for my documentary as well as Presly however we were not able to record as much as we could because the lighting was very bad and my professional camera which we had previously decided to use because it had better quality was out of battery.

21.06.2016:
I used my time in media to be able to record some more interviews with two members from my class which i was able to take out for a while and interview which was quite productive. I was also to begin to get the visual side of my documentary ready by starting to add videos and graphics to my documentary.

27.06.2016:
Here I began creating the Intro of my Documentary which is a moving collage made up of videos which required me to go on on youtube and learn how to do so through watching tutorial videos which was actually quite helpful. I also played around with different songs in order to try and see which one fits best and was able to find the end result.

Evaluation of News Package

In this parody news report we had to use humour and take real life conventions used in a news report and twist them around to show "how not to report the news". We had to make sure our mode of address wasn't formal and that we were completely going against the rules of a traditional normal news report. A news report would consist of formal/appropriate use of language and our parody version didn't comply or follow any of the conventions which are shown in my blog and were previously shown.

Our link to the studio who was Presly who wasn't wearing any formal clothing in the parody version that were was suitable. She was wearing a Bodycon Dress  which showed she was not presented appropriately and my mode of address in terms of tone and accent was in a "south London" accent as well as language which would definitely not be used in a formal setting. When it came to looking directly at the camera, she didn't do so as  she was too focused on other things such as her hair and his phone. this did not conform with the address in which I was supposed to do as a new reporter and went against the rules.

The field reporter played by Ariana had the role of not paying attention and not being aware of his surroundings, a traditional news report famously has the field reporter walking slowly towards the camera and talking about the subject of matter. We decided to "take the mick" out of that and use that in our parody but with me saying how I have no idea on whats going on, we then followed it on with a mimicked panning shot that the news tends to do a lot of the time.

A normal news report would have interviews with random members of the public or experts in an area. In our parody version of the news report we had an interview however it did not follow the conventions of a formal interview. At first the field reporter wasn't paying attention and was "making jokes" with a random member of the public (Chrystella). In the Parody created by our group we cut to the actual interviews with a "random member of the public" who was meant to have some information about the topic. The field reporter then is told he is live and proceeds to the main story.

Before the actual parody of a News Package actually took place we had to show a technical difficultly screen to show how unprepared we are.  This would in effect add to the humour and show the inappropriate timing of our studio service. this is not usually seen on national television especially on the news as in reality they'd try their best to avoid any mishaps like this whereas we showed to not give any care when doing so especially in terms of the talking that happened behind the camera and the behaviour shown by the person in the study which is Preslu.

News Report Parody

News Report

Release Forms

Production Schedule

Scripted Questions on Documentary

1. Give me one word to describe your body.
2. If you could change one thing about yourself in terms of your body or image, What would it be?
3. What does confidence mean to you?
4. What is more important to you, How you see yourself or how others see you?
5. *What do you think causes Low-Self Esteem & Is it permanent?*
6. Do you think it's good to compare yourself to others? Why/Why Not?
7. Now .. Whats one thing that you Love about yourself?

I Think your beautiful ..

* Start documentary with different Girls wiping off their make-up and their thoughts on how they see themselves of how they see themselves * - 'You Look Disgusting', 'My skin is way to Dark/Pale'

Call Sheets

Your proposal and feedback from focus group

Proof Of Emails Sent

Narrative Arc

The message which my Documentary will discuss will be based upon different definitions of Women and Women's experiences of Girlhood/Womanhood and discussing some topics which may be associated with it such as Confidence, Women's Oppression and the word #SHE which will be the main focus of my documentary.

The opening point will consist of the opening scene which will be a different shots of different girls from different backgrounds, colours, shapes, sizes and looks and the middle it will hashtag #SHE, it should be noticed that whilst these pictures are coming up, there will be different voice overs playing of girls saying different adjectives which describe them. It will then change to myself (however i will not be scene in the camera) asking 3 different questions which will be things such as 'If you could change one thing about yourself what would it be' and etc which will be answered by different people from different ethnicity and age groups in order to identify what sort of responses they will give.

Through this, I want my audience to be able to understand and think about what has been presented to them as well as forming their own opinion. The aim of the questions is i just want my audience to just think and to be really attentive on every word that is said and how particular experiences or even society itself has affect the way that different ranges, even young people think.

I aim to not make the questions too long winded and long there straight to the point so I will cut each interview to the specific answer of each Interview whilst ensuring that I have included a range of Interviews. Also, In order to understand this topic further, i will have to research a lot into this topic and make sure that I interview people that will make the documentary as informative as i can therefore requiring me to get in touch with some known youtubers which I have contacted but am still awaiting replies and will be asking friends and family with different age ranges in order to make the data which I collect much more reliable.
Furthermore, I will be asking random youths about their opinions also if necessary.

I will conclude end my documentary with a very striking question which has not yet been decided however I do not want the influence the opinion of my viewers, however I just want to present information to them so that they are able to make up their own opinons. 

Section 1: Opening View/Scene

Who: Different Girls

What : A voice over of different words which girls associate with themselves with footage behind of different images.

Where : Home recordings, Doesn't require an actual place however just a white background to be filmed in.

Duration : This will last approximately about 20-30 seconds as it quite a short introduction.


Section 2: Question Time
Who: Interviewee's (Yet to be decided however the names are tbc and will most probably be some Friends and Family)

What: I will be asking her some questions them some questions which will most likely be 'If you could change one thing about yourself, What would it be.

Where: Most likely be at my house where possible as it would be a much more quiet and suitable space. 

Duration : Each interview will be cut therefore last around 10-20 seconds each as the interview will be cut short to each answer which is given after a few initial reactions are shown.


Section 3: Content Specific Interviews

Who : The selected girls whom have had relevant and insightful experiences of 'Girlhood'.

What: Asking them to share their experiences and what they think can be done.

Where: Closed space ie My House however this space has to contain a white background.

Duration : 50-60 seconds.

Section 4: Interview with an Expert or Youtuber

Who: An expert in Women's experiences and is able to explain how we are able to stop particular issues, Name is TBC

What: I will be asking what she does and asking a different set of questions and their views on these issues on how to change this.

Where: TBC

Duration: 5 minutes, However once again, I will cut things out and only put in the things most relevant concepts. 


Section 5: Ending

Who: Myself

What : Conclusion of everything which has occurred and a balance of opinions given.

Where : At home in my room or in my living room.

Duration : 1-2 minutes

Conventions of a Professional News Package

A News Package is an innovative way in which news is shown or conveyed to an audience through the uses of different aspects which add character, entertainment, value, facts and feel to the subject which is being reported and the story which is being shown so in essence, it is a collective of aspects which make up how news is reported professionally.

Field Reporters:

Field reporters are those who deliver to the audience usually from a content specific location in which the subject or event has occurred or which is relevant to the story for example If a demonstration or march has occurred, the Field reporter may deliver the story from the location in which the march is taking place. In addition, Field reporters may be required to report on aspects within their area of expertise in order to enable them to grasp more of an understanding for the audience due to the fact that they will be more likely to know what they are talking about. This is also linked with that fact that their tone, clothing, pitch etc. may vary according to the field which they are reporting in at the given time and this is key because it enables the reporter to be able to interact with the audience in a much more convenient and effective way and therefore making the story much more believable.

An example of this is shown in the here of a field reporter in action.

Link to the Studio

A Link to the Studio is where the reporter may invite another member to the show through an in-house link from Studio to Studio and usually ranges from one shot to another going back and fourth. Link's to the studio tend to be abroad or in a different location as this is usually much more interesting to the viewer and is often used in most mainstream news programmes such as the BBC, ITV, SKY News and etc. The person who is usually linked into the studio(the one whom is invited to the show through link) often tends to focus on their language and how they feedback information as they are usually prime assets when explaining a situation and how a situation is.

This is an important element of a news package because it provides the ability to ask questions so that the audience is able to gain a better understanding of the story and a much clearer vision of things.

Below is an example which should be watched from 5:00.



Mode of address to the viewer:

Mode of address to the viewer refers to the way in which the reporter will present the information to the viewer given which involves techniques such as informal and formal speech which may differ amongst different audiences for instance usually BBC And SKY News tend to have much older audiences there more may use much more formal tones and solid facts compared to News platforms such as Newsround which may be less informative and contain less solid, factual, hard core information, as well as less content specific language.




Interviewing experts and witnesses:

Interviewing experts and witnesses is a way in which people are used in news shows in order to give a non-biased opinion which allows the audience to develop a greater sense of trust as to what is being reported as it helps to show both sides of the story as well as deeper understanding through the use of experts. This in itself really helps us to increase the realism in a news story as well as enabling questions to be answered and reasoning to occur which keeps the audience much more engaged.

Report structure:

Report Structures is how the news report is displayed and ordered in a particular structure, For instance; Firstly you would see a sign in and sign out this is when the field reporter introduces him/herself and what story he/she is covering, at this point they may give quick facts and predictions of what could be the possible outcome of the story however this is very brief.

Actual Footage:
Actual footage is the raw, unedited material as it had been originally filmed by phone or recorded by a video camera which usually is unedited and taken by people throughout their actually experiences of a situation for instance, Live footage of a fire which was recorded by someone in the given scene.
The rawness of the footage therefore allows the News report to be much more realistic for the audience because they are seeing everything through the eyes of the people that are there and understand the experience much more from a firsthand experience.

Nichols' Modes of Documentary

Nichols’ Modes of Documentary

Bill Nicholls identified different modes, which are required in Factual television that consisted of the following:

·     
     Expository

·      Observational

·      Interactive

·      Reflexive

·      Performative
     Realism
     Dramatisation
     Narrativastion
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Expository modes refer to a mode, which focuses on speaking directly to the viewer in an authoritative mode of address, which may be accompanied by influential or persuasive techniques as well as relevant images.

A very familiar example of the Expository mode in action may be often shown through David Attenborough for instance in the example shown below of The Blue Planet which in itself is quite cliché due to the fact that the expository mode is most commonly used in Nature and Wildlife documentaries other than anything else.

This Documentary by David Attenborough is about the ‘Amazing and creatures exhibit bio-luminescence’ is where his voice is used to discuss the fascinating animals, which inhabit in the big wide ocean. In terms of this particular element of Nicholls theory, in the sense that Expository modes which is also known as ‘the voice of God’ builds a relationship between the images and the narrator or what is being said is correct due to the fact that the voice over enables us to further understand the pictures. When it comes to nature and wildlife, they are not able to communicate in the way which we do in the sense that they cannot speak so through having these voice overs, it enables us to be able to build a connection with what we see and be able to put two and two together, its almost like the picture comes to life.

In this sense, I would say that one of the purposes of the Expository mode is to educate above all as well as to inform especially where it is most common in scientific or nature orientated documentaries such a The Blue Planet which therefore enables documentaries like this to enable the audiences understanding to be more complex as well as enlightening them

Observational modes are when the Camera takes on the role of the audience, so it is essentially hand-held camera work so there are usually no voice overs, no supplementary behaviour, no interviews, nothing done for the camera however everything is one and the group who are being filmed act as ‘native’ as possible as if no film makers are there.

An example of Observational modes in action are most reality shows such as The Real Beckhams, Keeping up with the Kardashians etc, in the clip shown below which has been taken from the episodes show everything from what they do in their everyday lives to how they work and what they get up to as a family also the camera has no participation with any of the events going on but the camera can be a bit shaky at times because nothing is staged therefore the clips or scenes shown are often much more raw than usual.

 Interactive Mode:

Interactive mode is when the documentary maker and crew interact with the subject and it makes it more realistic to the audience as the documentary presents the audience with thoughts expressed and personal opinions from other people so this may be through interviews which therefore offers the audience reliability.

Nick Broomfield's documentary is a very great example of the use of the Interactive mode where a connection exists between documentary-maker and subject takes part, as the Nick actively engages with the situation they are documenting, asking questions of their subjects through interviews and sharing experiences with them, this therefore allows the documentary make to become part of the events being recorded.


Reflexive mode:
This mode acknowledges how a documentary is made and that it is impossible for it to be an untouched truth so to speak because it gets affected by so many different processes e.g. camera and editing and so it accepts it and will even make these things known to the audience by actually having and showing them in the film itself. It admits to the audience this is not the truth but a reconstructed version of it. They(Filmmakers) are often get involved with what is going on and the people they are talking to so they can can get an in depth view into the way other people act and think. 

      Performative Mode: 

e    This mode essentially emphasises the subjective or expressive aspect of the filmmaker's own engagement with the subject and an audience's responsiveness to this engagement therefore meaning that this mode often generates different meanings for different people in terms of the types of emotions and feelings gained from it. Performative documentary is often seen as very honest and usually involves the film maker themselves being the subject of the documentary,

      An example of this is the film 'Waltz with Bashir' where by a Doctor, from Israel, makes himself the  an animated film following the life of an Israeli 1982 invasion which although is a real story is entirely animated however the fact that the final scene consists of  real footage makes the audience realise just how serious the subject of the documentary is and the gravity of the situation which essentially makes it a performative film. This was an effective way to bring out the emotion in the audience as up until that point it almost doesn’t seem real due to the fact that it is animated.

     Realism:

    Dramatisation:

    Narrativisation:

Risk Assessments

Legal and Ethical Issues

Disclaimer:

A disclaimer is a form of Legal issues which refers to to a statement made before something is shown or said. This statement is often used as a warning in which responsibility is denied for the effects of what is about to be shown or said. Having this disclaimer a disclaimer before any media production or even product especially in terms of Factual Tv Programming such as Documentaries, it is important to have this due to that fact that it is important to let viewers know of what could be expected and notify them of anything which they might find upsetting or uncomfortable thus allowing them to make a concious decision as to whether or not they would like to engage with the production or not. This also benefits the producers because if the audience is affected by the content after a disclaimer is placed, this will ensure security as a warning(disclaimer) was already made.

In terms of my production, I do not believe that a disclaimer would be needed due to the fact that there are no graphic scenes or anything which may be asked or done which isn't for an education purpose which therefore means that a Disclaimer may not be required.


Clearances and Permissions:

Filming in places which are not Public or are not own by oneself or with people in terms of actors or even those who take part in your production, especially professionals often requires permission simply because such things are not owned by yourself therefore would require some sort of consent or authorisation to use the given material. It is important to note that this only applies to private places which often need permission however in terms of Public places it should be fine to use without permission if being used for a positive cause and passers-by often do not require permission too as this coincides with UK Law which enables those who produce films to film freely in public places.

In terms of my productions, I will be using permissions in terms of a release form in which I will get all of those whom I interview to sign even though it may not exactly be completely necessary however I believe that this will definitely just keep everything very much documented and professional.


Fairness & Privacy:

Upon researching the law of Privacy in terms of media and how both converge, I can come understand that ' Privacy law may be relevant, for example, when you are reporting stories about people’s personal or sexual lives, finances, information about their health, or filming them in their house without their permission. It can even sometimes include situations where the person is in a public place - for example, at a funeral' http://www.bbc.co.uk/academy/journalism/article/art20130702112133653. Through this i understand that the basic concept is to ensure that whatever production is formed does not interfere and respects the subject's well-being, personal life, family, health, home and etc. The Clause 3 in the Privacy Act also states that 'It is unacceptable to photograph individuals in a private place without consent'. This therefore leads me to say that with taking all this information on board, Privacy will be an aspect which i will consider in terms of my production simply because the aspect and topic which I will be filming about is quite sensitive therefore meaning that I will need to ensure boundaries are set out before I film and understand what the people I interview are comfortable and uncomfortable with which will therefore ensure that their privacy is maintained and not exposed throughout my production as well as ensuring that i am not bias in my opinions and maintain the neutral side of my production.


Offensive Language: OFCOM:

Ofcom is a regulator of television and broadcasting services whom works in very many different aspects but who's job is essentially to ensure that they set standards and regulations for aspects such as Offensive language in terms of Television and Radio. They carry out many forms of research in order to regulate TV and Radio and ensure that none of their rules of conducts or standards have been breached therefore informing them if there is any potential offensive language or gestures being used and it has been found that these rules set by Ofcom should continue to be maintained and used and they definitely play a fundamental part in terms of enabling control over people, especially children's listening and viewing.

Where taking this into consideration for my production, It would be fair to say that although the project conducted by myself is merely a school project thus will not be found in the hands of Ofcom, for the purposes of professionalism and essentially respect, I will definitely ensure that disclaimers and censorship are used in order to inform the audience of any offensive gestures and language used especially with the nature of the documentary which speaks of the objectification of women thus meaning that it may contain some language which may be offended to some Women therefore meaning that may need to include sensors and ensure that all offensive language is explained or kept to a minimum.

Analysing Vice Documentaries.

Analysing Vice Documentaries.

 

Bride Kidnapping In Kyrgyzstan
The given documentary explores the issues around how in Kyrgyzstan has a culture or traditions whereby men who want to get married, kidnap a girl off the streets or from their homes, the girls kidnapped have usually been on the radar of the groom for a while and just marry her. Due to traditions, we see that eventually most girls just agrees as it’s part of their tradition from the ancient times therefore they feel that they have a duty to do so however in most cases, its not their ideal situation and they are often very reluctant at first to give in. In the documentary, We are presented with many different cases whereby we see how the girls and the grooms react and how it can have both a positive and negative effect from both parties.

 

This documentary shows various point of perspectives therefore not just the grooms but the mothers of the brides or those who have had many different experiences with the act of ‘Bride Kidnapping’ which therefore makes it less Bias as it does not only show one side of the argument for example we are shown clips of the Groom explaining why they endorse in these kind of activities and the Bride explaining how she feels and her experiences as followed.

 

The effect this has audience is that they could create sympathy for the brides but when they hear the brides opinion it may change because as the end eventually the brides agree to it which may cause us to feel frustration as I did because not only did they just have to accept something which they clearly did not want but they just went along with the flow and did not stand up for themselves.

I believe that this documentary may be very capturing to females as it highlights the problems which we go through and how we may be affect as this issues as well as the fact that gender inequalities still may exist in some occasions and how this affects different people for example, the fact that not all Bride Kidnapping turns out to be a success story as shown in the case of a Girl who went through the same experience however committed suicide because she was very unhappy.

 

 

Young and Gay: Jamaica's Gully Queens

This documentary explores the issues on how Young and Gay people in Jamaica also known as ‘Gully Queens’ so vice documentaries took to Jamaica in order to discover how LGBT life is in Jamaica and how these people live.

 

This documentary does not show various point of perspectives therefore just most predominantly the perspective of the ‘Gully Queens’ which therefore makes it Bias as only shows one side of the argument for example, we see how badly the gully queens are treated through them explaining how they feel and their experiences as followed.

 

The effect this has audience is that they could create sympathy for the ‘Gully Queens’ because we are able to understand that even though the LGBT has worked hard to make lives easier for some people, it doesn’t always extend or account for some places in the world where we learn to sympathise with these people when we hear of their horrible experiences which they go through.

I believe that this documentary may be very capturing to females as it highlights the problems which we go through and how we may be affect as this issues as well as the fact that homophobia still may exist in some occasions and how this affects different people for example, how this may not help them lead their daily lives.

Issues concerning Factual programming

Issues concerning Factual programming:

Bias is when something in this case a documentary or a programme only shows one side of a story or of an argument and does not go into detail about the other side therefore creating views towards the opposing side which may often be very blank and one sided.

Subjectivity refers to how someone’s opinion is shaped by their personal experiences, opinions and feelings and not by outside/external factors such as the news or things of such sort. An example of this may be a speech which was made by Hitler which focuses very significantly on his persona opinions and feelings towards the Jews therefore leading him to state that they started the war and leading him to discriminate strongly towards them as shown in this example, https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=XMjGt8snhFU&ebc=ANyPxKprtq5M04nAAcPqxzLhkv0PiozsWLHXkSGGkpkTb0pQaKvtWTZDmENUDVxA4MGySKQx70dg805shi1LNfTf7bRGMYwaeQ. This in essence demonstrates the idea of subjectivity and shows that Hitler presented his own thoughts and feelings in order to try and manipulate the views of others which may also occur in factual programming and should be controlled in order to express different views other than just one.

Accuracy is essentially the level to which something is true, accurate and precise so for example, how true to life the source may be. In order to ensure that accuracy is obtained, it is important to highlight the fact that the information given to the audience cannot be made up however it must be true to the dot therefore meaning that there must be a distinction between facts and opinions, these cannot be mixed.

An example of when accuracy comes into force is through news, for instance Sky News. Sky prides itself with the motto of serving and informing the public which therefore means that they must provide accurate information therefore leading them to use news coverage or real life clips and the news being scripted in order to decrease the chance of deceit and personal opinions.

Balance is as simple as it sounds and refers to keeping both sides equal or as equal as possible, this is the opposite of being bias as it requires both sides of the argument or of the story to be shown so for example, if a story was told and the victim told the story then a way to balance the story and show different perspectives may be to also present the views of the victim for example, in the vice documentary about ‘Bride Kidnapping’ - Here we are presented various views, the views of the Bride, those who are commiting the act and as well as family which therefore allows the audience to understand a combination of various opinions without bias and form their own views. 

Impartiality refers to remaining on the fence/neutral about a given opinion and not taking sides. So for example, usual Jurors have to have quite neutral minds and be able to consider the evidence of both the defence and prosecutions without being impartial therefore taking all views into account.This is evident for example in the show Judge Rinder where the case involves a Judge whom hears different forms of cases in courts mostly involving Financial issues whoever this demonstrates the aspect of impartiality due to the fact that as a Judge, he is unable to form opinions until all aspects of the case have been discussed in terms of the evidence which has been given and also both parties spoken.

Objectivity is where you are not influenced by your own personal views or opinions but instead consider other people’s opinions and beliefs and are open to listen to multiple opinions which therefore lead you to make judgements based upon what you have seen around you(external factors) and not your own emotions or feelings towards a subject. For example, https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=FZPxkuxBVQo The Dispatches: Meeting the Taliban, where Sean Langan goes to meet the troops which are facing the Taliban. This clearly supports the idea of objectivity simply because it is known that many people are often influenced with different views about the taliban and what they actually are whereas through having this documentary, we are able to understand the real views of the taliban themselves through being able to hear them and understand their lifestyles thus making it much more likely for the audience to put aside their own views and be often to other people's(taliban's) beliefs.

Opinions are judgments that is based on your own views and experiences rather than actual facts or knowledge however these may often be supported by an argument which is often the root of the formation of the opinion. For instance, If you watch the ‘Jeremy Kyle Show’ we see that Jeremy often represents opinions towards the guests he has on his programme https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=7PR5ryhnYtQ which is fine due to the nature of the show because although opinions on the show do often allow us to form our own opinions as the structure is on a story basis where first we hear from the victim, then the others involved which is quite bias as we are more inclined to side with the victim but in shows like this, the audience is ultimately able to form their own conceptions. However certain opinions cannot be broadcasted such as those which may concern elections which is a downfall as it may actually be in the interest of the public and does also reflect a lack of free speech.

Representation is the way something or someone is portrayed and this could be both negatively or positively. For instance, in a documentary which we watched about London’s Gang Culture, we saw that certain areas such as South and West London were often very much spoken about in a negative way and represented as almost the hotspot for Black Crime, so much so that it requires is own TRIDENT unit which deals which these matters. This therefore creates certain stereotypes towards these areas and represents them in a negative way.

Contract with the viewer is an unwritten rule between the producer and the audience whereby all the content is deemed as accurate, honest and engaging an example of this may be you saying to the audience that the show would consist of celebrity stories which would therefore mean that you as the producer would have the obligation of delivering as promised by oneself.

Privacy refers to keeping someone or something to yourself without it being observed by other people. This may be shown through the Closure of the newspaper ‘News Of The World’ due to a phone hacking scandal of Milly Dowler, a young 16 year old Journalist who’s phone was hacked in order to seize information from her voicemails.

Access is having the ability to film or use something or someone or essentially the permission to be able to use something for instance, In a documentary such as the given Vice.com documentary of ‘Bride Kidnapping’, the presenter had access to the land in which it occurred and access to the families which carried out or were victims of such traditions. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=DKAusMNTNnk Access or permission would have been required in order for this to be done.